《植物生理学报》 2016, 52(12): 1935-1940

大麦小孢子突变体与原始品种中碳氮代谢关键酶活性差异分析

徐红卫^*, 王亦菲^*, 刘成洪, 黄赛华, 方春燕, 何婷, 郭桂梅, 高润红, 陆瑞菊^**, 黄剑华^**

上海市农业科学院生物技术研究所, 上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室, 上海201106

通信作者：徐红卫；E-mail: luruiju62@163.com; sw1@saas.sh.cn

摘　要：

为了探索大麦耐低氮的生理机制, 以诱变小孢子+氮胁迫培养获得的与原始品种氮素利用率差异显著的突变体(‘A1-97’和‘A1-57’)和原始对照品种‘花30’为材料, 在盆钵栽培中进行了高低两种氮素水平处理, 分析了植株在苗期、灌浆期和成熟期的碳氮代谢关键酶活性。结果显示, 相比原始对照品种‘花30’, 2份突变体材料的碳氮代谢酶活性在灌浆期有更显著的差异, 表明灌浆期可能是研究耐低氮的关键时期; 低氮水平下, 灌浆期氮素利用率高的突变体‘A1-97’硝酸还原酶活性和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性皆显著增强, 氮素利用率低的突变体‘A1-57’硝酸还原酶活性显著降低, 谷氨酰胺合成酶活性差异不显著; 灌浆期和成熟期的突变体‘A1-57’蔗糖磷酸化酶活性显著降低。由此推测, 突变体与原始品种间耐低氮性的差异可能与硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶和蔗糖磷酸化酶活性存在一定的联系。

关键词：大麦; 氮素利用率差异突变体; 硝酸还原酶; 谷氨酰胺合成酶; 蔗糖磷酸化酶

收稿：2016-11-06   修定：2016-11-28

资助：上海市种业发展项目[沪农科种字(2015)第3号、沪农科种字(2016)第1-1号]和国家大麦青稞产业体系(CARS-05)。

Difference analysis in the activities of key enzymes involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolisms between the original cultivator of barley and mutants which are derived from microspore culture

XU Hong-Wei^*, WANG Yi-Fei^*, LIU Cheng-Hong, HUANG Sai-Hua, FANG Chun-Yan, HE Ting, GUO Gui-Mei, GAO Run-Hong, LU Rui-Ju^**, HUANG Jian-Hua^**

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China

Corresponding author: XU Hong-Wei; E-mail: luruiju62@163.com; sw1@saas.sh.cn

Abstract:

To explore the physiological mechanism of the low nitrogen tolerance in barley, we obtained two barley mutants (‘A1-97’ and‘A1-57’) with different nitrogen use efficiencies (NUE) via mutagenesis and microspore culture. The activities of key enzymes involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolisms in the two mutants and the original barley cultivator ‘Hua 30’ were analyzed at different developmental stages under two nitrogen levels. The results showed that, compared with ‘Hua 30’, the activities of carbon and nitrogen metabolic enzymes in the two mutants varied most significantly at the filling stage, which indicated that the filling stage could be a key period for the study of low nitrogen tolerance. Under low nitrogen level, the activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) in ‘A1-97’ (with a higher NUE) were significantly enhanced, whereas in ‘A1-57’ (with a lower NUE), the NR activity was significantly decreased and GS activity showed no significant difference at the filling stage. The activity of sucrose phosphorylase in ‘A1-57’ was significantly reduced at the filling and maturation stage. It is concluded that the difference in tolerance to low nitrogen between mutants and original cultivator may be related with NR, GS and sucrose phosphorylase activities.

Key words: barley; mutant with different nitrogen use efficiency; nitrate reductase; glutamine synthetase; sucrose phosphorylase